computer hardware basics

hallo guys...

do you know that the earliest recorded calculating devices is abacus?i just get to know it and the first generation is vacuum tube while the second one is transistors, integrated circuits(IC) is the third generation and the fourth one is VLSI/ULSI.Hence,the fifth generation are now and the future that everyone responsible to create it.The computer architechture include the control,arithmetic logic unit,memory,input and output.There are some categories of computers based on thier size,capability and price such as embedded computer(e.g.GPS),mobile devices(e.g.iPad,iPhone),personal computers(e.g.laptop),midrange serves(e.g.hp,digital camera),mainframes(ATM machine) and supercomputers(e.g.Cray 1 supercomputer).

Next,we move to the system unit components which includes processor,memory module,expansion cards(sound card,modem card,video card and network interface card) and ports and connectors.Motherboard is the main circuit board in system unit that contains chips,integrated circuits,and transistors.Its also known as system board.Then,CPU is a central processing unit which has an input,processing and output as its architecture.There are also two type of memory which are random access memory(RAM) and read only memory(ROM).RAM has volatile memory while ROM is non volatile in nature.

I will proceed to the next topic to give the definition of input which means any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer.The examples of input device are keyboard,game controllers,pointing devices,digital cameras,voice input,video input,scanners and reading devices(optical scanners,optical readers,bar code readers,magnetic stripe card readers and last but not least MICR.Output is data that has been processed into a useful form.Some of the examples are speaker,printer,monitor and facsimile.Examples of storage are hard disks,flash memory storage,optical discs and others which keeps data,instructions,and information.

Thats all from me this week........thank you.....:-)